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DVB

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  Digital video broadcast (DVB) is a MPEG-2-based digital television standard that defines formats for cable, satellite, and terrestrial broadcast. DVB standards are in use in many non-USA digital TV systems. DVB was set up by the EBU (European Broadcast Union) in teh early 1990s to develop standards for digital video transmission. They have published these via ETSI (European Telecommunications Standards Institute) who also set standards for devices such as   GSM   telephones. In fact there are several DVB standards for different transmission media. Some of these are: DVB-S  Satellite  DVB-C  Cable  DVB-T  Terrestrial  DVB-SI Specification for Service Information DVB-CI  Common Interface  for conditional access Besides audio and video transmission, DVB also defines data connections (DVB-DATA - EN 301 192) with return channels (DVB-RC) for several media (DECT, GSM, PSTN/ISDN, satellite etc.) and protocols (DVB-IPI: Internet Protocol; DVB-NPI: network protocol independent). Older technol
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Broadcast Video Formats

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Below is a list of broadcast video formats . 24p is a progressive scan format and is now widely adopted by those planning on transferring a video signal to film. Film and video makers use 24p even if they are not going to transfer their productions to film, simply because of the on-screen "look" of the (low) frame rate, which matches native film. When transferred to NTSC television, the rate is effectively slowed to 23.976 FPS (24×1000÷1001 to be exact), and when transferred to PAL or SECAM it is sped up to 25 FPS. 35 mm movie cameras use a standard exposure rate of 24 FPS, though many cameras offer rates of 23.976 FPS for NTSC television and 25 FPS for PAL/SECAM. The 24 FPS rate became the standard for sound motion pictures in the mid-1920s. Practically all hand-drawn animation is designed to be played at 24 FPS. Actually hand-drawing 24 unique frames per second ("1's") is costly. Even in big budget films, usually hand-drawn animation is done sh
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Broadcasting Standards

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Broadcast Standards Another group of standards combine technical and legal definitions. These are called ATSC, NTSC, PAL, and SECAM. ATSC ATSC stands for Advanced Television Systems Committee, but the acronym is synonymous with the group's standard for digital television broadcast. ATSC is used for over-the-air transmission of HDTV signals, replacing the former analog standard NTSC. It can support video resolutions up to 1080p and 5.1 surround audio, and can be picked up on the same frequency UHF/VHF antennas as NTSC. NTSC NTSC stands for National Television Standards Committee, and is synonymous with the video transmission standard for North and Central America, including Mexico and Canada, and Japan. Its technical format is 525 lines per frame at roughly 30 frames per second refresh rate. The video is interlaced over the even and odd scanlines, for an apparent refresh rate of ~60fps. In quality, NTSC is equivalent to a composite signal. but is not necessaril
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Spectrum Analyzer Principle and Operation

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: Please follow the link below https://drive.google.com/file/d/1MNAfHdPugTRzUsyfJsZKEny79WFwnp_Q/view?usp=sharing Source: APT
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What to check when you experience service issues with your satellite downlink

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Hereby to explain what you should check and measure at the Satellite downlink when you experience service/satellite reception issues. Always keep a spectrum analyser 365/24/7 permanently running in live+max+min hold, like we always do, on the carrier(s) you are receiving. This is so that you can check for any possible local reception problems with the carrier(s). Here is an example of our spectrum analyser when an airplane flew through our downlink beam (26 Feb 2016). If you experience this then go to   www.flightradar24.com and check the air traffic near the downlink in the direction of the satellites to see if this could be the reason for your reception issue. If you are near an airport with many air movements, then  you can expect similar issues. Email the plot to us here in EVC via email evc@eurovision.net or send it via Telegram chat https://t.me/EurovisionEVC so we can check with our downlink. We have multiple downlinks from all our t
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How Sun Outage looks like on the Spectrum Analyser

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https://www.satellite-calculations.com/Satellite/sunoutagestatus.php?11.95/1/meter/70/35/0.1/0.8/lin/6/4/2/followthesun/nodynlis/0dB/notCNbased/10/3/bigmap/0.00/0.2/0.1 Is a very nice website to help you with the sun outage view worldwide at any given time . They also created a tool which makes it easier to configure satellites of interest. https://www.satellite-calculations.com/Satellite/sunoutagestatusconfigurator.php It will open an URL where all the parameters are part of the URL. This URL can be bookmarked or shared. At the moment it is preconfigured for 10 second refresh, 1m (40inch) antenna, Ku-band and with affected area is based on where the Sun is inside the receiving antenna 3dB beam width. It is also possible to select only the satellites that are relevant for you. 1. Go to the https://www.satellite-calculations.com/Satellite/sunoutagestatus.php 2. Tick the "Plot selected satellites" tick-box 3. Select satellites relevant to you
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